The consulate general of the United Stated is located at Museumplein 19, 1071 DJ in Amsterdam.
Website: http://amsterdam.usconsulate.gov/emergency_svcs2.html
Transferring Money to the Netherlands from the United States
Running out of money while traveling is definitely an emergency when it happens to you. Most often the homefront can help out by transferring money. Read how it works here. Source: Consulate General of the United States
Lost / stolen / damaged passports
Please visit the website for more information: http://amsterdam.usconsulate.gov/lost_stolen_passports.html